A Beginner’s Guide to Linux
In the world of computers and operating systems, linux is one of the most reliable and flexible. Unlike many commercial operating systems, it can run on almost any computer hardware and doesn’t require costly software or system support. Linux also offers high stability and privacy protection, making it an ideal platform for workstations and networks.
Although Linux only captures a small slice of the desktop operating system market, it’s a huge player in the mobile, server and Internet of Things (IoT) spaces. Almost every website you visit, your phone and many electronic devices you use are likely running on Linux.
The core of a linux operating system is the kernel, which manages all input and output from the computer’s hardware. The kernel is responsible for loading and booting the operating system, managing all device drivers and setting up system memory, which the operating system uses to store user data and applications.
Unlike Windows or macOS, Linux doesn’t require a separate application program to load and run the kernel. Instead, a Linux kernel can be loaded by a bootloader like GNU GRUB, LILO, SYSLINUX or systemd-boot, which is part of the linux operating system and enables users to customize their experience.
After the kernel loads, a series of programs run on top of it to provide the functionality of an operating system. These include a graphical user interface, which most people are familiar with from using other operating systems like macOS or Windows, as well as a wide range of software programs that can be used for business, home and entertainment purposes.
Linux is open source software, which means that no single person or company owns it. It is instead a collaboration of various individuals and companies who update the Linux code and make it available for free to the public. These updates, known as patches, often fix bugs and improve performance. The Linux community also provides a variety of online customer assistance and programming forums for troubleshooting faults.
Because Linux is a multitasking operating system, it can handle several processes simultaneously. These processes may involve running software programs, editing text files or creating and modifying other program files. The system also supports different kinds of file formats. To make sure that files are secure, users can use a command called chmod to set permission modes on them. There are three types of permission modes: read, write and execute. Those who don’t have execute permission cannot open, edit or change the contents of a file.
Many companies develop a variety of linux distributions that can be customized for specific needs and preferences. The distributions have different package management systems, desktop environments, philosophies and other aspects that make them unique. Depending on the preference of the individual, one of these may be the best option to consider.
